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<title>Michael R. Nowak PhD | Academic faculty member focused on computer science education and teaching excellence.</title>
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  <body>
    <header class="site-header" role="banner">
      <div class="wrapper">
        <div class="header-title">
          <div class="profile-image-container">
            <img src="/assets/images/me.jpeg" alt="Michael Nowak" class="profile-image">
          </div>
          <a class="site-title" rel="author" href="/">Michael R. Nowak PhD</a>
        </div>
        
        <div class="header-contact">
          <p>University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign</p>
        </div>
        
        <nav class="site-nav" aria-label="Primary navigation">
          <input type="checkbox" id="nav-trigger" class="nav-trigger" aria-hidden="true">
          <label for="nav-trigger" class="menu-icon" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
            <span></span>
            <span></span>
            <span></span>
          </label>

          <div class="trigger">
            <a class="page-link" href="/">Home</a>
            <a class="page-link" href="/teaching/">Teaching</a>
            <a class="page-link" href="/scholarly-activities/">Scholarly Activities</a>
            <a class="page-link" href="/documents/">Documents</a>
            <a class="page-link" href="/blog/">Blog</a>
          </div>
        </nav>
      </div>
    </header>

    <main class="page-content" aria-label="Content">
      <div class="content-with-sidebar">
        <nav class="table-of-contents" id="toc-sidebar">
          <div class="toc-header">Contents</div>
          <ul id="toc-list"></ul>
        </nav>
        
        <div class="wrapper">
          /* 
 * Minimalistic Academic Website
 * Color palette based on professional, accessible design
 * Primary: Deep gray for text (#2c3e50)
 * Secondary: Medium gray for accents (#495057)  
 * Background: Clean whites and light grays
 */

@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@300;400;500;600;700&family=Source+Code+Pro:wght@400;500;600&display=swap');

/* CSS Variables for consistent color scheme */
:root {
  --primary-color: #2c3e50;
  --secondary-color: #495057;
  --accent-color: #e74c3c;
  --text-color: #333;
  --text-light: #666;
  --background: #ffffff;
  --background-light: #f8f9fa;
  --border-color: #e9ecef;
  --max-width: 800px;
  --header-height: auto;
  --font-primary: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
  --font-mono: 'Source Code Pro', 'SF Mono', Monaco, 'Cascadia Code', 'Roboto Mono', Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace;
}

/* Reset and base styles */
* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-primary);
  font-size: clamp(17px, 2.5vw, 20px);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: clamp(27px, 4vw, 32px);
  color: #020202;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  font-feature-settings: 'kern' 1, 'liga' 1, 'calt' 1;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

/* Accessibility improvements */
:focus {
  outline: 3px solid var(--secondary-color);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Skip to content link for screen readers */
.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  top: -40px;
  left: 6px;
  background: var(--primary-color);
  color: white;
  padding: 8px;
  text-decoration: none;
  z-index: 1000;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  top: 6px;
}

/* Typography */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #020202;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

h1 { 
  font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 3.5rem);
  line-height: 1.1;
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #020202;
}
h2 { 
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3.5vw, 2rem);
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}
h3 { 
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 1.5rem);
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin-top: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* Card title styling for h3 tags within cards */
.blog-card h3, .activity-card h3, .document-card h3 {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #212529;
}
h4 { 
  font-size: clamp(1.125rem, 2.5vw, 1.25rem);
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  font-weight: 400;
}

p {
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: clamp(17px, 2.5vw, 20px);
  line-height: clamp(27px, 4vw, 32px);
  color: #020202;
  max-width: 66ch;
  text-align: justify;
}

/* First paragraph after headings - lead style */
h1 + p, h2 + p {
  font-size: clamp(18px, 2.75vw, 21px);
  line-height: clamp(29px, 4.25vw, 34px);
  margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
  color: #020202;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.lead {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #666666;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

a {
  color: var(--secondary-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

a:hover, a:focus {
  color: var(--primary-color);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

strong, b {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #020202;
}

em, i {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--text-color);
}

/* Layout */
.wrapper {
  max-width: 875px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 clamp(1rem, 5vw, 2rem);
}

.header-title {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  max-width: 875px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

/* Profile Image - Homepage Only */
.profile-image-container {
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.profile-image {
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 30%;
  border: 4px solid #ffffff;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.profile-image:hover {
  transform: scale(1.05);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.header-contact {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  max-width: 875px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

.header-contact p {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: #333;
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.header-contact a {
  color: #495057;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.header-contact a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}


/* Header - Typewolf Style Layout */
.site-header {
  background: transparent;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
  padding: 2rem 0 0 0;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 100;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  width: 100%;
}

.site-title {
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1a1a1a;
  text-decoration: none;
  margin: 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1.1;
  display: inline-block;
}

.site-title:hover {
  color: #495057;
}

.site-title:hover {
  color: var(--secondary-color);
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Navigation */
.site-nav {
  margin: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
  padding: 1rem 0;
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 875px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

.nav-trigger {
  display: none;
}

.menu-icon {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-around;
  width: 24px;
  height: 18px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.menu-icon span {
  display: block;
  height: 2px;
  width: 100%;
  background-color: var(--text-color);
  border-radius: 1px;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.trigger {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 3rem;
  margin: 0;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.page-link {
  color: #333;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  padding: 0.25rem 0;
  margin: 0;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  white-space: nowrap;
  line-height: 1.4;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.page-link:hover, .page-link:focus {
  color: #1a1a1a;
  border-bottom-color: #495057;
  text-decoration: none;
  background: none;
}


/* Mobile navigation */
@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .site-header {
    padding: 1.5rem 0 0 0;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  }
  
  .header-title {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    padding: 0 clamp(1rem, 5vw, 2rem);
  }
  
  .site-title {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }
  
  /* Hamburger menu with Menu text */
  .menu-icon {
    display: block;
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 12px 20px;
    background: #e9ecef;
    border-radius: 4px;
    cursor: pointer;
    text-align: center;
    color: #333;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
  }
  
  /* Hide hamburger spans and show text instead */
  .menu-icon span {
    display: none;
  }
  
  .menu-icon::after {
    content: "MENU";
  }
  
  /* Hide desktop navigation completely on mobile */
  .trigger {
    display: none !important;
  }
  
  /* Show mobile navigation when checked */
  .nav-trigger:checked ~ .trigger {
    display: block !important;
    background: #f8f9fa;
    padding: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid #dee2e6;
    border-radius: 0 0 4px 4px;
  }
  
  .nav-trigger:checked ~ .trigger .page-link {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    text-align: center;
    color: #333;
    font-size: 1rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.5;
  }
  
  .nav-trigger:checked ~ .trigger .page-link:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
  }
  
  .nav-trigger:checked ~ .trigger .page-link:hover {
    background: #e9ecef;
  }
  
  /* Mobile profile image adjustments */
  .profile-image {
    width: 120px;
    height: 120px;
  }
  
  .profile-image-container {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
  }
}

/* Main content */
.page-content {
  flex: 1;
  padding: 1rem 0 3rem 0;
}

/* Breadcrumb Navigation */
.breadcrumb {
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  padding: 0.1rem 0;
  border-bottom: none;
}

.breadcrumb-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  font-size: 0.95rem !important;
  line-height: 1.4;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--text-light);
  opacity: 1;
}

.breadcrumb-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.breadcrumb-item:not(:last-child)::after {
  content: '›';
  margin: 0 0.3rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-weight: 300;
  font-size: 0.8em;
  user-select: none;
}

.breadcrumb-item a {
  color: var(--secondary-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  padding: 0.075rem 0.15rem;
  border-radius: 2px;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 0.95rem !important;
}

.breadcrumb-item a:hover, .breadcrumb-item a:focus {
  color: var(--primary-color);
  background-color: var(--background-light);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.breadcrumb-current {
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-weight: 400;
  padding: 0.075rem 0.15rem;
  font-size: 0.95rem !important;
}

/* Responsive breadcrumbs */
@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .breadcrumb {
    margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
    padding: 0.08rem 0;
  }
  
  .breadcrumb-list {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
  }
  
  .breadcrumb-item:not(:last-child)::after {
    margin: 0 0.2rem;
  }
  
  .breadcrumb-item a,
  .breadcrumb-current {
    padding: 0.06rem 0.12rem;
  }
}

/* Posts and pages */
.post, .project {
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.post-header, .project-header {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}


.project-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.post-meta, .project-meta {
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.project-meta span {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-right: 1.5rem;
}

/* Lists */
ul, ol {
  padding-left: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

li {
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  line-height: clamp(27px, 4vw, 32px);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #020202;
  font-size: clamp(17px, 2.5vw, 20px);
}

ul ul, ol ol, ul ol, ol ul {
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

/* Code */
code {
  background: var(--background-light);
  color: var(--accent-color);
  padding: 0.2em 0.4em;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: clamp(17px, 2.5vw, 20px);
  font-weight: 400;
}

pre {
  background: var(--background-light);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 4px;
  padding: 1rem;
  overflow-x: auto;
  margin: 2rem 0;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: clamp(17px, 2.5vw, 20px);
  line-height: clamp(27px, 4vw, 32px);
  color: var(--text-color);
}

pre code {
  background: none;
  color: inherit;
  padding: 0;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: inherit;
  line-height: inherit;
}

/* Tables */
table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin: 2rem 0;
}

th, td {
  padding: 0.75rem;
  text-align: left;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

th {
  font-weight: 600;
  background: var(--background-light);
}

/* Cards for projects */
.project-card {
  background: var(--background);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.project-card:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

/* Document showcase */
.document-showcase {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2rem;
  margin: 3rem 0;
}

.document-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 2rem;
  padding: 2.5rem;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--background) 0%, var(--background-light) 100%);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--secondary-color);
  border-radius: 12px;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text-color);
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.document-item::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 4px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--secondary-color) 0%, var(--accent-color) 100%);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.document-item:hover::before {
  opacity: 1;
}

.document-item:hover, .document-item:focus {
  background: var(--background);
  border-color: var(--secondary-color);
  border-left-color: var(--accent-color);
  transform: translateX(8px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text-color);
}

.document-icon {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--secondary-color) 0%, var(--accent-color) 100%);
  border-radius: 12px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-size: 1.75rem;
  color: white;
  font-weight: 600;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.document-item:hover .document-icon {
  transform: rotate(5deg) scale(1.1);
}

.document-content {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
}

.document-title {
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem 0;
  color: var(--primary-color);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.375rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.document-description {
  margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
  color: var(--text-color);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  font-weight: 400;
  max-width: none;
  text-align: left;
}

.document-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.document-type {
  background: var(--secondary-color);
  color: white;
  padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 20px;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.document-date {
  font-style: italic;
}

/* Document links (legacy support) */
.document-links {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin: 2.5rem 0;
}

.document-link {
  display: block;
  padding: 2rem;
  background: var(--background-light);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 8px;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  color: var(--text-color);
}

.document-link:hover, .document-link:focus {
  background: var(--background);
  border-color: var(--secondary-color);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--primary-color);
}

.document-link h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem 0;
  color: var(--primary-color);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 1.125rem;
}

.document-link p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Footer */
.site-footer {
  background: var(--background-light);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  padding: 2rem 0;
  margin-top: 3rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.footer-content {
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.footer-content p {
  margin: 0.5rem 0;
}

/* Responsive design */
@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  body {
    font-size: 16px;
  }
  
  .wrapper {
    padding: 0 1rem;
  }
  
  h1 { font-size: 2.5rem; }
  h2 { font-size: 1.75rem; }
  h3 { font-size: 1.25rem; }
  
  .site-header {
    padding: 1.5rem 0;
  }
  
  .page-content {
    padding: 2rem 0;
  }
  
  .document-links {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  
  .document-item {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 2rem;
  }
  
  .document-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
  }
  
  .document-icon {
    align-self: center;
  }
}

/* Table of Contents Sidebar */
.content-with-sidebar {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 1400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.table-of-contents {
  position: fixed;
  left: 20px;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  width: 240px;
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 1rem;
  max-height: 80vh;
  overflow-y: auto;
  z-index: 100;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

.toc-header {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: #495057;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.toc-header:hover {
  color: #343a40;
}

.toc-header:focus {
  outline: 2px solid #495057;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

#toc-list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

#toc-list li {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.toc-link {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.375rem 0.5rem;
  color: #495057;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.toc-link:hover {
  background: #f8f9fa;
  color: #343a40;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.toc-link:focus {
  outline: 2px solid #495057;
  outline-offset: 2px;
  background: #f8f9fa;
  color: #343a40;
}

.toc-link.active {
  background: #e9ecef;
  color: #212529;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.toc-h3 {
  margin-left: 1rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.toc-h4 {
  margin-left: 2rem;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
}

.toc-h5 {
  margin-left: 3rem;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

.toc-h6 {
  margin-left: 4rem;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

/* Hide TOC on mobile and tablet screens where it would overlap content */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .table-of-contents {
    display: none;
  }
}

/* Hide TOC on medium screens where it still might overlap */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
  .table-of-contents {
    display: none;
  }
}

/* For very wide screens, position TOC even further left */
@media (min-width: 1600px) {
  .table-of-contents {
    left: 50px;
  }
}

/* Scholarly Activities Styles */
.activity-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin: 2rem 0;
}

.activity-card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  height: fit-content;
}

.activity-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  border-color: #495057;
}

.card-content {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  height: 100%;
}

.activity-link {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: block;
}

.activity-link:hover {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}


.activity-subtitle {
  color: #495057;
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  flex-grow: 1;
}

.activity-meta {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: #6c757d;
  font-style: italic;
  margin-top: auto;
}

.activity-status {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #28a745;
}

.activity-duration {
  color: #6c757d;
}

/* Teaching Page Styles */
.teaching-container {
  max-width: 100%;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.institution-header {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8f9fa 0%, #e9ecef 100%);
  padding: 1.5rem;
  margin: 2rem 0 1.5rem 0;
  border-left: 4px solid #495057;
  border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
}

.institution-name {
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  color: #212529;
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem 0;
  font-weight: bold;
}

.institution-info {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.course-section {
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.course-section h4 {
  color: #212529;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  margin: 2rem 0 1rem 0;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #e9ecef;
}

.course-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.course-item {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 1rem;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  position: relative;
}

.course-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.course-item.current {
  border-left: 4px solid #28a745;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fff9 0%, #f1f8f2 100%);
}

.course-item.linked:hover {
  border-color: #495057;
}

.course-link {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: block;
}

.course-link:hover {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.semester {
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: #212529;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.details {
  color: #495057;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.note {
  font-style: italic;
  color: #999;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.ta-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin-top: 1rem;
}

.ta-item {
  padding: 0.75rem;
  background: #f8f9fa;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Blog Styles */
.blog-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin: 2rem 0;
}

.blog-card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  height: fit-content;
}

.blog-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  border-color: #495057;
}

.blog-link {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: block;
}

.blog-link:hover {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}


.post-excerpt {
  color: #495057;
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  flex-grow: 1;
}

.post-meta {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: #6c757d;
  font-style: italic;
  margin-top: auto;
}

.tag {
  background: var(--background-light);
  padding: 0.2em 0.5em;
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-size: 0.8em;
  font-style: normal;
}

.document-type {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #495057;
  font-style: normal;
}

.document-date {
  color: #6c757d;
  font-style: normal;
}

.blog-footer {
  text-align: center;
  margin: 3rem 0;
  padding: 2rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.rss-link {
  color: var(--secondary-color);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.no-posts {
  background: var(--background-light);
  padding: 2rem;
  border-radius: 8px;
  margin: 2rem 0;
}

.blog-categories {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
  gap: 2rem;
  margin: 3rem 0;
}

.category {
  padding: 2rem;
  background: var(--background-light);
  border-radius: 8px;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--secondary-color);
}

.category h3 {
  margin-top: 0;
  color: var(--primary-color);
}

.category p {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--text-light);
}


/* 404 Page Styles */
.error-404 .page-content {
  text-align: center;
  padding: 4rem 0;
}

.error-404 h1 {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  font-size: 3rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.error-404 .page-content ul {
  text-align: left;
  max-width: 400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

/* Responsive Design for Activity and Course Cards */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .activity-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
  }
  
  .activity-card {
    padding: 1rem;
  }
  
  .blog-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
  }
  
  .blog-card {
    padding: 1rem;
  }
  
  .course-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  
  .institution-header {
    margin: 1rem 0;
    padding: 1rem;
  }
  
  .ta-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  
  .blog-categories {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* Print styles */
@media print {
  .site-header, .site-footer, .site-nav, .table-of-contents {
    display: none;
  }
  
  body {
    font-size: 12pt;
    line-height: 1.4;
  }
  
  h1, h2, h3 {
    page-break-after: avoid;
  }
}
        </div>
      </div>
    </main>

    <footer class="site-footer">
      <div class="wrapper">
        <div class="footer-content">
          <p>&copy; 2025 Michael R. Nowak PhD. All rights reserved.</p>
          <p>
            mnowak1[at]illinois[dot]edu
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </footer>
    
  </body>
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